CONSUMER PROPERTIES AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE WINTER APPLES

NOKFMQ

Abstract

The apple tree is the main fruit crop in Russia, the need for fresh fruits of which is 7.3 million tons, and the provision of the population with fresh apples does not reach 50%. The aim of the study was to assess the consumer properties and nutritional value of winter-ripening apples of the varieties Pervouralskaya, Krasa Sverdlovska, Blagaya vest, Sverdlovchanin (manufactured by an individual entrepreneur, the head of the peasant farm A.A. Filippova, Chelyabinsk region, Kaslinsky district, Grigorievka village). The organoleptic characteristics of apples met the requirements of GOST 34314-2017 and were identified as typical for these pomological varieties. The fruits of the apple tree Pervouralskaya and Blagoya vesti contained relatively more sucrose against the background of competing samples, Kras Sverdlovsk - glucose and lactic acid, Sverdlovchanin - fructose and succinic acid. Apples of the Sverdlovchanin variety had more pronounced characteristics and were as close as possible to the harmonious taste. Of the macroelements in the studied varieties of apples were present (mg/kg): K⁺ (in the range of 992.0-1498.0), P³⁺ (87.3-146.0), Ca²⁺ (58.3-91.7), Mg²⁺ (3.4-29.4), Na⁺ (1.13), from trace elements: Si²⁺ (0.90-2.98), Fe²⁺ (0.35-2.75), B³⁺ (0.90- 1.32), Al³⁺ (0.29-1.26), Zn²⁺ (0.24-0.52), Mn³⁺ (0.07-0.33), Cu²⁺ (0.06-0.29), Ba²⁺ (0.04-0.07) with a relatively high content in Krasa Sverdlovsk fruits and a low content in Pervouralskaya apples. Apples of the Krasa Sverdlovsk variety had a competitive advantage in eliminating the deficiency in the diet of Co²⁺, Mg²⁺, K⁺, Cu²⁺ and Fe²⁺. According to the amount of dry matter, insoluble dietary fiber and flavonoids, there were no significant differences between the studied apple varieties. The obtained test results do not allow making an unambiguous choice in favor of one or another variety of apples. The consumer needs to correctly prioritize for himself between their taste and benefit.