HARD CARBON DERIVED FROM BROWN SEAWEED AS ANODE MATERIAL FOR SODIUM-ION BATTERIES

10.25712/ASTU.1811-1416.2026.02.001

Authors

  • Denis Opra Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of RAS, 100-letiya Vladivostoka pr., 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4337-5550
  • Veniamin Zheleznov Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of RAS, 100-letiya Vladivostoka pr., 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
  • Anna Skriptsova A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of RAS, Palchevskogo str., 17, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia
  • Alexander Sokolov Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of RAS, 100-letiya Vladivostoka pr., 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5063-1404
  • Irina Lukiyanchuk Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of RAS, 100-letiya Vladivostoka pr., 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1680-4882
  • Nikita Saenko Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of RAS, 100-letiya Vladivostoka pr., 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1242-6792
  • Valery Kuryavy Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of RAS, 100-letiya Vladivostoka pr., 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
  • Vladimir Korochentsev Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of RAS, 100-letiya Vladivostoka pr., 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
  • Sergey Sinebryukhov Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of RAS, 100-letiya Vladivostoka pr., 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0963-0557
  • Sergey Gnedenko Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of RAS, 100-letiya Vladivostoka pr., 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1576-8680

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25712/ASTU.1811-1416.2026.02.001

Keywords:

hard carbon, anode material, sodium-ion battery, biomass, seaweed

Abstract

In this research, the possibility of using hard carbon (HC) derived from Sargassum pallidum and Costaria costata brown seaweeds as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries has been studied. It was found that carbonization of seaweed at a temperature of 810 °C is optimal for obtaining HC with the best electrochemical performance. The results of studying the effect of impurity removal on the performance of HC as an anode material are presented. The HC was purified through sequential acid leaching in HCl (to remove alkali and alkaline earth impurities), followed by hydrothermal treatment in ammonium hydrogen fluoride solution (to remove silicon dioxide). Impurity removal from HC resulted in a several-fold increase in specific capacity and an improvement in initial Coulombic efficiency. It has been shown that oxidative functionalization of HC using a mixture of concentrated nitric and hydrochloric acids in a 1:3 v/v ratio (aqua regia) positively impacts its electrochemical properties. The oxidized HC exhibited specific capacities of approximately 210 and 100 mA·h/g at current densities of 20 and 1000 mA/g respectively, representing the best performance in this study. The studies revealed no significant differences in the characteristics of hard carbon derived from different species of brown seaweed.

Author Biographies

Denis Opra, Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of RAS, 100-letiya Vladivostoka pr., 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia

Candidate of Chemical Sciences, Head of the Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry FEB RAS

Veniamin Zheleznov, Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of RAS, 100-letiya Vladivostoka pr., 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia

Doctor of Technical Scienc-es, Leading Researcher, Institute of Chemistry FEB RAS

Anna Skriptsova, A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of RAS, Palchevskogo str., 17, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia

Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher A.V. Zhirmunsky Na-tional Scientific Center of Marine Biology FEB RAS

Alexander Sokolov, Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of RAS, 100-letiya Vladivostoka pr., 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia

Junior Researcher, Institute of Chemistry FEB RAS

Irina Lukiyanchuk, Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of RAS, 100-letiya Vladivostoka pr., 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia

Candidate of Chemical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Institute of Chemistry FEB RAS

Nikita Saenko, Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of RAS, 100-letiya Vladivostoka pr., 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia

Junior Researcher, Institute of Chemistry FEB RAS

Valery Kuryavy, Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of RAS, 100-letiya Vladivostoka pr., 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia

Candidate of Chemical Sci-ences, Senior Researcher, Institute of Chemistry FEB RAS

Vladimir Korochentsev, Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of RAS, 100-letiya Vladivostoka pr., 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia

Doctor of Physico–Mathematical Sciences, Head of the Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry FEB RAS

Sergey Sinebryukhov, Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of RAS, 100-letiya Vladivostoka pr., 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia

Corresponding Member of RAS, Doctor of Chemical Sciences, Associate Professor, Deputy Director, Institute of Chemistry FEB RAS

Sergey Gnedenko, Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of RAS, 100-letiya Vladivostoka pr., 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia

Academician of RAS, Doc-tor of Chemical Sciences, Professor, Director, In-stitute of Chemistry FEB RAS

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Published

2026-06-30

How to Cite

Opra Д., Zheleznov В., Skriptsova А., Sokolov А., Lukiyanchuk И., Saenko Н., Kuryavy В., Korochentsev В., Sinebryukhov С., & Gnedenko С. (2026). HARD CARBON DERIVED FROM BROWN SEAWEED AS ANODE MATERIAL FOR SODIUM-ION BATTERIES: 10.25712/ASTU.1811-1416.2026.02.001. Fundamental’nye Problemy Sovremennogo Materialovedenia / Basic Problems of Material Science, 23(2), 143–159. https://doi.org/10.25712/ASTU.1811-1416.2026.02.001

Issue

Vol. 23 No. 2 (2026): Basic Problems of Material Science

Section

SECTION 1. CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS