ENERGY EXCHANGE INSIDE SUPERSONIC CROWDION-FOCUSON PAIRS IN 3D COMPUTER MODEL OF Cu CRYSTAL

10.25712/ASTU.1811-1416.2026.01.009

Abstract

By the method of molecular dynamics using the modified Morse potential, the question of the inter-action of crowdion and focuson inside the crowdion-focuson pair in a model copper crystal is considered. It is shown that two atoms located at some distance from each other in one tightly packed row and launched at the same speed, an order of magnitude or more exceeding the threshold rate of formation of a Frenkel pair, form a crowdion-focuson pair, inside which energy is exchanged during movement.
At first, the crowdion, moving at supersonic speed, leaves a trail of atoms with a higher potential energy com-pared to what they had before it passed. The focuson moving after the crowdion accelerates relative to the crowdion due to the potential energy of the trace atoms, catching up with the crowdion, it transfers part of its kinetic energy to it. Then there is an increase in the distance between the crowdion and the focuson to the original. Then the focuson again catches up with the crowdion and transfers energy to it. These processes are repeated several times until the crowdion is completely stopped. Due to this interaction, the crowdion-focus pair moves a noticeably greater dis-tance in the crystal compared to a single crowdion. The nature of the interaction of the crowdion and the focuson moving behind it gives reason to consider this pair as a single whole - a kind of tandem