IMPROVEMENT OF TECHNOLOGY OF DIGESTION OF ORGANIC RESIDUES OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN ORDER TO INCREASE BIOGAS OUTPUT

ONNXMY

Abstract

The article considers the actual task of utilization of organic waste agroindustrial complex with simultaneous obtaining of energy and agrochemical product. The technology of anaerobic digestion of chicken manure with the addition of beet molasses is chosen as the object under study. The laboratory experiment was conducted to assess the influence of molasses addition on the dynamics of biogas formation. It was found that at the ratio of components manure : molasses : water = 1 : 1 : 3 and temperature more than 45 °С the increase of gas formation by 40 % is achieved in comparison with the control, where only chicken manure was used. Comparison of three temperature regimes (psychrophilic, mesophilic and thermophilic) was carried out, high stability and efficiency of digestion under thermophilic conditions was confirmed. The principal scheme of the closed cycle of organic waste processing including the stages of substrate preparation, fermentation, biogas collection and biofertilizer production was proposed. On basis of material balance calculation the losses of raw materials and products were determined, and also the share of return components. Calculations of economic efficiency showed that at the cost price of 170,399 rubles per one ton of finished product and projected revenue of 207,965 rubles a net profit of 37,565 rubles is achieved. The possibility of industrial implementation of the proposed approach as a sustainable solution in the field of agro-waste management, combining environmental safety, economic feasibility and agrarian efficiency was substantiated. (Translated with DeepL.com (free version)).