FRACTURE OF LAMELLAR PEARLITE IN THE TRED SURFACE OF RAILS DURING LONG-TERM OPERATION
YPKKNK
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25712/ASTU.2072-8921.2023.04.024Keywords:
destruction of cementite, surface, rails, extinction contours, dislocations, exploitation, electron micros-copy.Abstract
Using the methods of transmission electron diffraction microscopy, the structure, phase composition, dislocation substructure in surface layers up to 2 mm deep from the surface of the fillet of differentially hardened special-purpose rails made of E90KhAF steel were analyzed after a missed tonnage of 187 million gross tons. The structure of rail steel is represented mainly by grains of lamellar perlite, in the ferrite of which a dislocation substructure is observed, formed by randomly distributed dislocations and networks. The formation of bending contours of extinction has been established and the sources of curvature-torsion of the crystal lattice have been identified. The average transverse dimensions of the extinction contours reach their minimum values at a depth of 2 mm. It is shown that the scalar density of dislocations of the studied steel increases as it approaches the surface of the rail fillet, reaching a maximum value at a distance of 2 mm from the surface. The mechanisms of destruction of cementite plates (cutting by moving dislocations and dissolution in place) and the precipitation of nanosized particles of the carbide phase are considered.
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