COMPOSITE BASED ON POLYURETHANE FOAM AND BASALT FIBER FOR THE PRODUCTION OF REMOVABLE COVERS FOR THE PURPOSE OF THERMAL INSULATION OF EQUIPMENT

GVFQJE

Abstract

A study was carried out on the possibility of using basalt fiber in the production of composite samples based on semi-rigid polyurethane foam, aimed at increasing the complex of physical and mechanical parameters, as well as the thermal stability of the samples. Filling was carried out in a mass content from 5 to 15%, with fiber sizes of 6, 12 and 18 mm.

At the same time, it was found that such technological parameters as start and rise times, as well as the apparent density of experimental samples of semi-rigid polyurethane foam increase. The optimal fiber content of basalt fiber is 10% wt. with a fiber size of no more than 12 mm. A further increase in the size and content of basalt fiber leads to technological difficulties.

It has been established that when a PU foam sample is filled with basalt fiber, there is a tendency to increase the strength properties of the composite. In this case, the greatest increase was achieved for a sample filled with 6 mm fiber in an amount of 10% wt. – compressive stress at 10% deformation increased by 30% compared to the unfilled analogue. The elastic modulus and elasticity of the samples decrease slightly, which does not have a negative effect on the material.

It was revealed that the introduction of basalt fiber helps to increase the thermal conductivity coefficient, as well as reduce the burning rate. Thus, the burning rate for the unfilled analogue was 387 mm/min, and when filled with 6 mm BB in an amount of 15% wt. led to a decrease in this indicator to 92 mm/min. This indicates the possibility of using basalt fiber as an antipyretic additive in polymers.