TECHNOLOGY OF SUNFLOWER OIL ENRICHMENT WITH LYCOPENE EXTRACTION FROM SUBSTANDARD WATERMELON RAW MATERIALS
WVQLAO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25712/ASTU.2072-8921.2025.04.017Keywords:
lycopene, antioxidants, carotenoids, extraction with sunflower oil, watermelon, substandard raw materials, ultrasonic treat-ment, processing of agricultural waste, extraction efficiency, loss during storageAbstract
The processing of agricultural raw materials into valuable food products is one of the priority areas for the development of agro-industrial complex. Lycopene is a non-polar polyunsaturated compound with versatile physiological activity due to its strongest antioxidant activity of all carotenoids. The main lycopene-containing raw materials in Russia are tomato paste and watermelon waste. The paper discusses issues of extraction of lycopene with sunflower oil from concentrate obtained from red pulp of substandard watermelon raw materials. The choice of extractant is due to the good solubility of lycopene in it and its wide use in the food industry. Unlike the classic hydrocarbon extractants used in lycopene technology, this approach fully meets the requirements for healthy foods and green chemistry. The effect of ultrasonic treatment on the intensity and depth of the extraction process was studied. During the experiment, optimal conditions were determined: the ratio of extractant to raw materials is 20:1; 60°С temperature; total extraction time 120 minutes, use of ultrasonication frequency 35 kHz and power 150 W/dm2, total treatment time 15 minutes, maximum achieved degree of 73 % extraction. Under these conditions, an optimal ratio between the degree of extraction and the cost of the process is achieved. Lycopene loss in oil storage when stored in a darkened container at 4°С was not more than 20 % over 6 months.
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