COMPARISON OF TRIBOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND ALLOYS FOR TRIBOTECHNICAL PURPOSE

ZITZVM

Abstract

In the modern world, there is a trend in the development of mechanical engineering, energy, aerospace and automotive industries, where increasing wear resistance, reducing the coefficient of friction and increasing the service life of working units and parts is of particular importance. Technological progress imposes increasingly stringent requirements on materials operated under conditions of intense mechanical loads, high speeds and temperatures. In this format, the use of composite materials reinforced with ceramic particles becomes relevant due to their high wear resistance, lightness, and the ability to form the necessary properties according to the requirements. Nevertheless, traditional antifriction alloys continue to be widely used. That is why, in order to study the prospects of using composite materials in tribo-coupling units, first of all, it is necessary to compare them with traditional alloys used in friction units, such as, for example, bronzes, babbits, brass, as well as aluminum alloys for antifriction purposes. In this research paper, composite materials AMg2-10%TiC, AMg6-10%TiC, AM4.5Kd-10%TiC and AK10-M2H-10%TiC obtained by self-propagating fusion in a melt are compared with the traditionally used antifriction alloys BrOCC 5-5-5, BRAZH 7-4 (bronze), B83 (babbit), AO3-7, AO9-2, AO20-1 (aluminum alloys for antifriction purposes). After conducting tests to determine wear resistance according to the "ring-plane" scheme, it was found that the lowest wear rate on traditional alloys is observed on a sample with a thickness of 7-4 and is 2 microns/hour (coefficient of friction 0.3, self-heating temperature 70 °C). At the same time, the wear rate of all composite materials does not exceed 6.4 microns/hour, and the lowest value is observed per KM of AK10M2H composition-10%TiC and is 0.5 microns/hour (coefficient of friction 0.09; self-heating temperature 60 °C). Thus, the use of AK10M2H-10%TiC composite material instead of BRAZH 7-4 bronze will reduce the wear rate by at least 4 times, and the coefficient of friction by at least 2 times.