SOME FEATURES OF THE STORAGE APPLE FRUITS FOR ALTAI BREEDING VARIETIES

NYGUTA

Abstract

The range of apples represented on the Siberian market mostly includes seasonal kinds and a limited variety of imported commercial world variates. Despite the fact that the pomological description contains approximate shelf life of fruits, detailed studies of the characteristics of the variety-specific keeping capacity of zoned varieties are always relevant. The main parameters determining the demand for off-season apples are taste and shelf life. The purpose of the study is to study the characteristics and expiry date of the fruits of the Altai apple tree breeding. The objectives are to study the dynamics of the commodity qualities of apples to clarify the variety–specific shelf life, to identify the interrelationships in the perception of the taste qualities of fruits. The research was carried out in 2019-2022 by employees of the laboratory of fruit and berry crop breeding of the FSBSI «Federal Altai Scientific Center of Agrobiotehnology». The fruits of the Altayskoyezimnee, Chupinskoye and JubileinoeKalininoy varieties were harvested in 2019-21 at the apple variety study sites and stored at a temperature of +2°C in a normal atmosphere. The number of revisions is 4, starting from two months of storage. Maximum shelf life without loss of quality has been established: for the Altayskoyezimnee variety, they are 4-5 months, for the Jubileynoe Kalininoy variety 3-4 months, for the Chupinskoye variety - up to 3 months. Correlations between the main components of the organoleptic evaluation of apples, as well as the dependence of qualitative indicators on shelf life, were revealed. The results allow us to talk about the prospects of commercial fruit growing in Altai, increa­sing the consumption season of local apples to five months.